Asthma Inhaler: How They Work, Types, and What to Know Before Using One

When your lungs feel tight and breathing becomes a struggle, an asthma inhaler, a handheld device that delivers medication directly to the airways to relieve or prevent asthma symptoms. Also known as a puffer, it’s often the first line of defense for people with asthma. Unlike pills or shots, inhalers put the medicine exactly where it’s needed—right into the lungs—so it works fast and with fewer side effects.

There are two main kinds of asthma inhalers: rescue inhalers, quick-acting bronchodilators that open up airways during an asthma attack, and corticosteroid inhalers, daily maintenance medications that reduce swelling and mucus in the airways over time. Rescue inhalers, like albuterol, give relief in minutes—you use them when you’re wheezing, coughing, or feeling short of breath. Corticosteroid inhalers, like fluticasone or budesonide, don’t help during an attack. They’re meant to be used every day, even when you feel fine, to keep your airways calm and prevent flare-ups. Mixing them up can be dangerous. Taking your daily inhaler only when you feel bad won’t stop an attack. And using your rescue inhaler every day means your asthma isn’t well-controlled.

Many people don’t know how to use their inhaler right. If you don’t coordinate the puff with your breath, or forget to shake it, or skip rinsing your mouth after a steroid inhaler, you’re not getting the full benefit. Some inhalers need a spacer—a plastic tube that holds the medicine so you can breathe it in more easily. Spacers are especially helpful for kids and older adults. Even though they’re small, inhalers can be expensive, and insurance often doesn’t cover them fully. That’s why knowing how to get the most out of each dose matters. You don’t need to use more than prescribed. You just need to use it right.

Some of the posts below cover how to report side effects from asthma meds, how insurance handles inhaler costs, and what to do if your current inhaler isn’t working. Others dive into how medications interact with other conditions, like heart disease or thyroid issues, which can complicate asthma treatment. You’ll also find advice on managing asthma alongside other chronic conditions, like diabetes or high blood pressure, since many people live with more than one. Whether you’re new to inhalers or have been using them for years, there’s something here to help you use them smarter, safer, and with more confidence.